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    <li><a href="#示例">示例</a>
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        <li><a href="#如何接入">如何接入</a></li>
        <li><a href="#启动-nacos-server">启动 Nacos Server</a></li>
        <li><a href="#应用启动">应用启动</a></li>
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        <li><a href="#服务注册">服务注册</a></li>
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    <article class="post">
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            <h1 class="post-title">Nacos配置注册与发现</h1>
        </header>
        <date class="post-meta meta-date">
            2022年10月3日
        </date>
        
        <div class="post-meta">
            <span>|</span>
            
            <span class="meta-category"><a href='https://laoer123.gitee.io/categories/SpringCloudAlibaba'>SpringCloudAlibaba</a></span>
            
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                    阅读</span></span>
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        <div class="post-content">
            <h1 id="说明">说明</h1>
<p>本项目演示如何使用 Nacos Discovery Starter 完成 Spring Cloud 应用的服务注册与发现。</p>
<p>Nacos 是阿里巴巴开源的一个更易于构建云原生应用的动态服务发现、配置管理和服务管理平台。</p>
<h2 id="示例">示例</h2>
<h3 id="如何接入">如何接入</h3>
<p>在启动示例进行演示之前，我们先了解一下 Spring Cloud 应用如何接入 Nacos Discovery。 注意 本章节只是为了便于您理解接入方式，本示例代码中已经完成接入工作，您无需再进行修改。</p>
<ol>
<li>首先，修改 pom.xml 文件，引入 Nacos Discovery Starter。</li>
</ol>
<pre><code class="language-pom" data-lang="pom"> &lt;dependency&gt;
     &lt;groupId&gt;com.alibaba.cloud&lt;/groupId&gt;
     &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery&lt;/artifactId&gt;
 &lt;/dependency&gt;
</code></pre><ol start="2">
<li>在应用的 /src/main/resources/application.properties 配置文件中配置 Nacos Server 地址</li>
</ol>
<pre><code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848
</code></pre><ol start="3">
<li>使用 @EnableDiscoveryClient 注解开启服务注册与发现功能</li>
</ol>
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<pre style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"> <span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@SpringBootApplication</span>
 <span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@EnableDiscoveryClient</span>
 <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">public</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">class</span> <span style="color:#458;font-weight:bold">ProviderApplication</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">{</span>

 	<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">public</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">static</span> <span style="color:#458;font-weight:bold">void</span> <span style="color:#900;font-weight:bold">main</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>String<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">[]</span> args<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">{</span>
 		SpringApplication<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">run</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>ProviderApplication<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">class</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">,</span> args<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">);</span>
 	<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">}</span>

 	<span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@RestController</span>
 	<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">class</span> <span style="color:#458;font-weight:bold">EchoController</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">{</span>
 		<span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@GetMapping</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>value <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">=</span> <span style="color:#d14">&#34;/echo/{string}&#34;</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
 		<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">public</span> String <span style="color:#900;font-weight:bold">echo</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span><span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@PathVariable</span> String string<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">{</span>
 				<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">return</span> string<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">;</span>
 		<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">}</span>
 	<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">}</span>
 <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">}</span>
</code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><h3 id="启动-nacos-server">启动 Nacos Server</h3>
<ol>
<li>首先需要获取 Nacos Server，支持直接下载和源码构建两种方式。 <br>
  1)直接下载：Nacos Server 下载页<br>
  2)源码构建：进入 Nacos Github 项目页面，将代码 git clone 到本地自行编译打包，参考此文档。推荐使用源码构建方式以获取最新版本</li>
<li>启动 Server，进入解压后文件夹或编译打包好的文件夹，找到如下相对文件夹 nacos/bin，并对照操作系统实际情况之下如下命令。<br>
  1)Linux/Unix/Mac 操作系统，执行命令 sh startup.sh -m standalone<br>
  2)Windows 操作系统，执行命令 cmd startup.cmd</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="应用启动">应用启动</h3>
<p>1.增加配置，在 nacos-discovery-provider-example 项目的 /src/main/resources/application.properties 中添加基本配置信息</p>
<pre><code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">spring.application.name=service-provider
server.port=18082
</code></pre><ol start="2">
<li>启动应用，支持 IDE 直接启动和编译打包后启动。 <br>
  1)IDE直接启动：找到 nacos-discovery-provider-example 项目的主类 ProviderApplication，执行 main 方法启动应用。<br>
  2)打包编译后启动：在 nacos-discovery-provider-example 项目中执行 mvn clean package 将工程编译打包，然后执行 java -jar nacos-discovery-provider-example.jar启动应用。<br>
验证<br>
查询服务<br>
在浏览器输入此地址 http://127.0.0.1:8848/nacos/v1/ns/catalog/instances?serviceName=service-provider&amp;clusterName=DEFAULT&amp;pageSize=10&amp;pageNo=1&amp;namespaceId=，并点击跳转，可以看到服务节点已经成功注册到 Nacos Server。<br>
<img src="/img/Nacos4.png" alt="alt Nacos4"></li>
</ol>
<h3 id="服务发现">服务发现</h3>
<p>集成 Ribbon<br>
了便于使用，NacosServerList 实现了 com.netflix.loadbalancer.ServerList 接口，并在 @ConditionOnMissingBean 的条件下进行自动注入。如果您有定制化的需求，可以自己实现自己的 ServerList。<br>
Nacos Discovery Starter 默认集成了 Ribbon ，所以对于使用了 Ribbon 做负载均衡的组件，可以直接使用 Nacos 的服务发现。<br>
使用 RestTemplate 和 FeignClient<br>
下面将分析 nacos-discovery-consumer-example 项目的代码，演示如何 RestTemplate 与 FeignClient。<br>
注意 本章节只是为了便于您理解接入方式，本示例代码中已经完成接入工作，您无需再进行修改。此处只涉及Ribbon、RestTemplate、FeignClient相关的内容，如果已经使用了其他服务发现组件，可以通过直接替换依赖来接入 Nacos Discovery。</p>
<ol>
<li>添加 @LoadBlanced 注解，使得 RestTemplate 接入 Ribbon</li>
</ol>
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<pre style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code><span style="margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">1
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<pre style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"><span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@Bean</span>
 <span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@LoadBalanced</span>
 <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">public</span> RestTemplate <span style="color:#900;font-weight:bold">restTemplate</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">()</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">{</span>
     <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">return</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">new</span> RestTemplate<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">();</span>
 <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">}</span>
</code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><ol start="2">
<li>FeignClient 已经默认集成了 Ribbon ，此处演示如何配置一个 FeignClient。</li>
</ol>
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<pre style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code><span style="margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">1
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<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"> <span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@FeignClient</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>name <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">=</span> <span style="color:#d14">&#34;service-provider&#34;</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
 <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">public</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">interface</span> <span style="color:#458;font-weight:bold">EchoService</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">{</span>
     <span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@GetMapping</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>value <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">=</span> <span style="color:#d14">&#34;/echo/{str}&#34;</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
     String <span style="color:#900;font-weight:bold">echo</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span><span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@PathVariable</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span><span style="color:#d14">&#34;str&#34;</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span> String str<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">);</span>
 <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">}</span>
</code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><p>使用 @FeignClient 注解将 EchoService 这个接口包装成一个 FeignClient，属性 name 对应服务名 service-provider。<br>
echo 方法上的 @RequestMapping 注解将 echo 方法与 URL &ldquo;/echo/{str}&rdquo; 相对应，@PathVariable 注解将 URL 路径中的 {str} 对应成 echo 方法的参数 str。<br>
3. 完成以上配置后，将两者自动注入到 TestController 中。</p>
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</span><span style="margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">15
</span><span style="margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">16
</span><span style="margin-right:0.4em;padding:0 0.4em 0 0.4em;color:#7f7f7f">17
</span></code></pre></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;;width:100%">
<pre style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java"> <span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@RestController</span>
 <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">public</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">class</span> <span style="color:#458;font-weight:bold">TestController</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">{</span>
 
     <span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@Autowired</span>
     <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">private</span> RestTemplate restTemplate<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">;</span>
     <span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@Autowired</span>
     <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">private</span> EchoService echoService<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">;</span>
 
     <span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@GetMapping</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>value <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">=</span> <span style="color:#d14">&#34;/echo-rest/{str}&#34;</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
     <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">public</span> String <span style="color:#900;font-weight:bold">rest</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span><span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@PathVariable</span> String str<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">{</span>
         <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">return</span> restTemplate<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">getForObject</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span><span style="color:#d14">&#34;http://service-provider/echo/&#34;</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">+</span> str<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">,</span> String<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">class</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">);</span>
     <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">}</span>
     <span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@GetMapping</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>value <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">=</span> <span style="color:#d14">&#34;/echo-feign/{str}&#34;</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span>
     <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">public</span> String <span style="color:#900;font-weight:bold">feign</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span><span style="color:#3c5d5d;font-weight:bold">@PathVariable</span> String str<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">)</span> <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">{</span>
         <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">return</span> echoService<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">.</span><span style="color:#008080">echo</span><span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">(</span>str<span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">);</span>
     <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">}</span>
 <span style="color:#000;font-weight:bold">}</span>
</code></pre></td></tr></table>
</div>
</div><ol start="4">
<li>配置必要的配置，在 nacos-discovery-consumer-example 项目的 /src/main/resources/application.properties 中添加基本配置信息</li>
</ol>
<pre><code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties"> spring.application.name=service-consumer
server.port=18083
</code></pre><ol start="5">
<li>启动应用，支持 IDE 直接启动和编译打包后启动。<br>
  1）IDE直接启动：找到 nacos-discovery-consumer-example 项目的主类 ConsumerApplication，执行 main 方法启动应用。<br>
  2）打包编译后启动：在 nacos-discovery-consumer-example 项目中执行 mvn clean package 将工程编译打包，然后执行 java -jar nacos-discovery-consumer-example.jar启动应用。</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="验证">验证</h3>
<ol>
<li>在浏览器地址栏中输入 http://127.0.0.1:18083/echo-rest/1234，点击跳转，可以看到浏览器显示了 nacos-discovery-provider-example 返回的消息 &ldquo;hello Nacos Discovery 1234&rdquo;，证明服务发现生效。<br>
<img src="/img/Nacos5.png" alt="alt Nacos5">
在浏览器地址栏中输入 http://127.0.0.1:18083/echo-feign/12345，点击跳转，可以看到浏览器显示 nacos-discovery-provider-example 返回的消息 &ldquo;hello Nacos Discovery 12345&rdquo;，证明服务发现生效。<br>
<img src="/img/Nacos6.png" alt="alt Nacos6"></li>
</ol>
<h2 id="原理">原理</h2>
<h3 id="服务注册">服务注册</h3>
<p>Spring Cloud Nacos Discovery 遵循了 spring cloud common 标准，实现了 AutoServiceRegistration、ServiceRegistry、Registration 这三个接口。<br>
在 spring cloud 应用的启动阶段，监听了 WebServerInitializedEvent 事件，当Web容器初始化完成后，即收到 WebServerInitializedEvent 事件后，会触发注册的动作，调用 ServiceRegistry 的 register 方法，将服务注册到 Nacos Server。</p>
<h3 id="服务发现-1">服务发现</h3>
<p>NacosServerList 实现了 com.netflix.loadbalancer.ServerList 接口，并在 @ConditionOnMissingBean 的条件下进行自动注入，默认集成了Ribbon。<br>
如果需要有更加自定义的可以使用 @Autowired 注入一个 NacosRegistration 实例，通过其持有的 NamingService 字段内容直接调用 Nacos API。</p>

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        <li><strong>原文作者：</strong><a rel="author" href="https://laoer123.gitee.io/laoer123">Jeremy Sze</a></li>
        <li style="word-break:break-all"><strong>原文链接：</strong><a href="https://laoer123.gitee.io/laoer123/post/Nacos%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0/">https://laoer123.gitee.io/laoer123/post/Nacos%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0/</a></li>
        <li><strong>版权声明：</strong>本作品采用<a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">知识共享署名-非商业性使用-禁止演绎 4.0 国际许可协议</a>进行许可，非商业转载请注明出处（作者，原文链接），商业转载请联系作者获得授权。</li>
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